{"id":56928,"date":"2026-09-23T23:43:15","date_gmt":"2026-09-23T23:43:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/?p=56928"},"modified":"2026-09-24T10:46:51","modified_gmt":"2026-09-24T10:46:51","slug":"inbreathing-vs-outbreathing-capacity-for-tank-vents","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/blog\/inbreathing-vs-outbreathing-capacity-for-tank-vents\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<style> .zobai-tank-vent-article { max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: anywhere; } .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-table-scroll { width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; margin: 1.25rem 0; } .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-table-scroll table { width: 100%; min-width: 680px; border-collapse: collapse; } .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-table-scroll th, .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-table-scroll td { padding: 0.75rem; border: 1px solid currentColor; vertical-align: top; text-align: left; } .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-scope-note, .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-key-question, .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-cta { margin: 1.5rem 0; padding: 1rem 1.125rem; border: 1px solid currentColor; } .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-key-question { border-left-width: 3px; } .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-scope-note p:last-child, .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-key-question p:last-child, .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-cta p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; } @media (max-width: 390px) { .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-table-scroll { margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-table-scroll th, .zobai-tank-vent-article .zobai-table-scroll td { padding: 0.625rem; } } <\/style>\n<article class=\"zobai-tank-vent-article\">\n<p>\n  \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646.<br \/>\n  <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/strong><br \/>\n  \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637\/\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u201c\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637\/\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u201d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.\n<\/p>\n<aside class=\"zobai-scope-note\" aria-label=\"\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\">\n<p>\n    <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642:<\/strong> \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.\n  <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\n  \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u061b \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631.\n<\/p>\n<div\n  class=\"zobai-table-scroll\"\n  role=\"region\"\n  aria-label=\"Comparison of inbreathing and outbreathing capacity duties\"\n  tabindex=\"0\"\n><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>\n  \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637\/\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644: \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<br \/>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/protectoseal.com\/PDF_VENTS\/MISCELLANEOUS\/Breather-Vent-Worksheet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0646 Protectoseal<\/a><br \/>\n  \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/strong> \u0639\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629<\/strong>. \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u0647. \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629:<br \/>\n  <strong>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u2260 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u2260 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/strong><br \/>\n  \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<br \/>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/applications\/storage-tanks\/\">\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a<\/a><br \/>\n  \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\n  \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f OSHA \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/strong>. \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0641\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c,<br \/>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/laws-regs\/regulations\/standardnumber\/1910\/1910.106\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">OSHA 29 CFR 1910.106<\/a><br \/>\n  \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.\n<\/p>\n<aside class=\"zobai-key-question\" aria-label=\"Inbreathing engineering question\">\n<p>\n    <strong>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a:<\/strong><br \/>\n    \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u061f\n  <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p>\n  \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.\n<\/p>\n<aside class=\"zobai-scope-note\" aria-label=\"Illustrative inbreathing scenario\">\n<p>\n    <strong>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 - \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629.\n  <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p>\n  \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064d\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u061b \u0641\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u061b \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645<br \/>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/safety-valves\/vacuum-safety-valves\/\">\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a<\/a><br \/>\n  \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a.\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\n  \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062d \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a.\n<\/p>\n<aside class=\"zobai-key-question\" aria-label=\"Outbreathing engineering question\">\n<p>\n    <strong>\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a:<\/strong><br \/>\n    \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u061f\n  <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p>\n  \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a Protectoseal \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 Emerson \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631<br \/>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/protectoseal.com\/PDF_VENTS\/MISCELLANEOUS\/Breather-Vent-Worksheet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a Protectoseal<\/a><br \/>\n  \u0648<br \/>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emerson.com\/is\/content\/emerson\/en\/final-control\/pressure-management\/bu-content\/general\/enardo\/documents\/Enardo_Catalog_eBook.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a Emerson Enardo<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627:<br \/>\n  <strong>\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a.<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n<p>\n  \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a. \u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/44643.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">ISO 28300:2008<\/a><br \/>\n  \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 ISO \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 2008 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0643\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.\n<\/p>\n<aside class=\"zobai-scope-note\" aria-label=\"Normal versus emergency venting boundary\">\n<p>\n    <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f:<\/strong><br \/>\n    Liquid-transfer and applicable thermal breathing belong to the normal inbreathing\/outbreathing review. An applicable external-fire or other emergency case requires its own relief-duty assessment.\n  <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p>\n  Commercial tank-protection practice reflects the same distinction. For example,<br \/>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.protectoseal.com\/product\/vapor-and-flame-solutions\/emergency-pressure-vents\/series7800\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 Protectorseal \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 7800<\/a><br \/>\n  \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0646.\n<\/p>\n<aside class=\"zobai-scope-note\" aria-label=\"Illustrative emergency venting scenario\">\n<p>\n    <strong>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.\n  <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<h3>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u064a\u063a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p>\n  \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 API<br \/>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.api.org\/products-and-services\/standards\/standards-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 API 2000\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636<\/a><br \/>\n  as Edition 8 dated August 2026. ISO continues to list ISO 28300:2008 as the current published ISO edition while its replacement is under development.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  A project that relies on API 2000 or ISO 28300 should confirm the edition actually adopted by that project before reusing equations, factors, tables or worked examples from older online guides. API&#8217;s public material for the former seventh edition also emphasized that tank-venting requirements depend on many variables, reinforcing why a project-specific duty should not be reduced to a universal shortcut.\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>How to Compare Required Capacity with a Tank Vent&#8217;s Published Rating<\/h2>\n<p>\n  Once required inbreathing and outbreathing duties have been established,<br \/>\n  <strong>candidate capacity screening<\/strong> becomes a direction-by-direction evidence check. This is a necessary selection step, but it is not the whole suitability decision.\n<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full zobai-figure\" data-image-slot=\"IMG-01\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tank-vent-inbreathing-outbreathing-img-01.webp\" alt=\"\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.\" title=\"Inbreathing vs Outbreathing Capacity for Tank Vents - IMG-01\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" class=\"wp-image-56944\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tank-vent-inbreathing-outbreathing-img-01.webp 1200w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tank-vent-inbreathing-outbreathing-img-01-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tank-vent-inbreathing-outbreathing-img-01-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tank-vent-inbreathing-outbreathing-img-01-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tank-vent-inbreathing-outbreathing-img-01-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/tank-vent-inbreathing-outbreathing-img-01-400x300.webp 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\n  The question is not whether a catalogue contains a flow number that looks large enough. The question is whether the published performance corresponds to the correct direction, pressure or vacuum condition, reference basis and device configuration.\n<\/p>\n<div\n  class=\"zobai-table-scroll\"\n  role=\"region\"\n  aria-label=\"Tank vent capacity verification checklist\"\n  tabindex=\"0\"\n><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Inbreathing check<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Outbreathing check<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Required project duty<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/td>\n<td>Keep the candidate unconfirmed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Manufacturer performance<\/td>\n<td>Vacuum-side data<\/td>\n<td>Pressure-side data<\/td>\n<td>Request the missing data<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Setting<\/td>\n<td>\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a<\/td>\n<td>Pressure setting<\/td>\n<td>Clarify the comparison basis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Units \/ reference basis<\/td>\n<td>Confirm compatibility<\/td>\n<td>Confirm compatibility<\/td>\n<td>Reconcile before comparing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Exact configuration<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f<\/td>\n<td>Hold the capacity review<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628<\/td>\n<td>Check if relevant<\/td>\n<td>Check if relevant<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b<\/h3>\n<p>\n  \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 Protectoseal\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a<br \/>\n  <a href=\"https:\/\/protectoseal.com\/data\/ventviewpoint_3.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0638\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\n  \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646 Protectoseal \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0638\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0638\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a. \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.\n  <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<p>\n  \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\n  \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u0651\u062d <strong>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629<\/strong> \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/h2>\n<p>\n  \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n  <strong>\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631:<\/strong> \u201c\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 DN100\u201d \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0647\u0651\u0632 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0651\u0646\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062e\u0631\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0623\u0628\u0642\u0650 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>required total inbreathing capacity;<\/li>\n<li>maximum withdrawal or emptying condition;<\/li>\n<li>applicable thermal inbreathing basis;<\/li>\n<li>vacuum setting;<\/li>\n<li>replacement-gas arrangement where relevant.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Outbreathing duty<\/h3>\n<p>Keep the pressure-side requirement separate:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>required total outbreathing capacity;<\/li>\n<li>maximum filling condition;<\/li>\n<li>applicable thermal outbreathing basis;<\/li>\n<li>pressure setting;<\/li>\n<li>any additional normal outward-flow source established by the project basis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Installation configuration<\/h3>\n<p>Where relevant, also identify:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>vent-to-atmosphere versus pipe-away arrangement;<\/li>\n<li>inlet and outlet configuration;<\/li>\n<li>expected backpressure;<\/li>\n<li>flame or detonation arrester;<\/li>\n<li>other significant restrictions in the flow path.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n  These fields are not presented as a universal regulatory checklist. They reflect the types of engineering data that established vent manufacturers request when matching pressure\/vacuum equipment to a tank duty. Protectoseal&#8217;s worksheet, for example, asks separately for tank design pressure and vacuum, fluid, temperature, backpressure, pressure setting, filling rate, thermal outbreathing, total outbreathing, vacuum setting, emptying rate, thermal inbreathing, total inbreathing, materials and vent design type.\n<\/p>\n<h3>Evidence to request from the supplier<\/h3>\n<p>\n  The return package should allow the engineer to review the proposed configuration rather than rely on a model number alone. Relevant evidence may include:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the exact candidate configuration;<\/li>\n<li>vacuum-side capacity data;<\/li>\n<li>pressure-side capacity data;<\/li>\n<li>applicable pressure and vacuum settings;<\/li>\n<li>flow curves or capacity tables and their rating basis;<\/li>\n<li>units and reference conditions;<\/li>\n<li>materials and sealing details needed for service compatibility;<\/li>\n<li>installation or configuration limitations that affect the comparison.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<aside class=\"zobai-key-question\" aria-label=\"Tank vent procurement logic\">\n<p>\n    <strong>Procurement logic:<\/strong><br \/>\n    The project defines the required inbreathing and outbreathing duties. The supplier provides the corresponding performance evidence for the proposed device. Capacity screening can proceed only when those two sides can be matched on a compatible basis.\n  <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<aside class=\"zobai-cta\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\">\n<p>\n    <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><br \/>\n    Use the checklist above to prepare the tank-vent duty package for the supplier<br \/>\n    responsible for the vent review.\n  <\/p>\n<p>\n    If the same project separately includes a ZOBAI safety-valve requirement,<br \/>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/engineering\/\">ZOBAI Engineering Support<\/a><br \/>\n    can be used for that documented safety-valve scope.\n  <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n<\/section>\n<section aria-labelledby=\"tank-vent-faq\">\n<h2 id=\"tank-vent-faq\">Frequently Asked Questions About Tank Vent Inbreathing and Outbreathing<\/h2>\n<h3>What is the difference between inbreathing and outbreathing on a storage tank?<\/h3>\n<p>\n  Inbreathing is gas flow into the tank when internal pressure tends to fall; outbreathing is gas or vapor flow out when internal pressure tends to rise. They are separate capacity duties and should be checked against the corresponding vacuum-side and pressure-side performance of the vent.\n<\/p>\n<h3>Is the tank filling rate the same as the required outbreathing capacity?<\/h3>\n<p>\n  Not automatically. Filling can be an important normal outbreathing driver, but the applicable thermal contribution and any other project-defined normal outward-flow source also have to be considered under the chosen venting method.\n<\/p>\n<h3>Is the emptying rate the same as the required inbreathing capacity?<\/h3>\n<p>\n  Not automatically. Emptying creates inward demand, but thermal cooling or condensation and the actual replacement-gas arrangement can also affect the required inbreathing duty.\n<\/p>\n<h3>Can I use the same capacity rating for both pressure and vacuum directions?<\/h3>\n<p>\n  Do not assume so. Pressure-side and vacuum-side performance can be represented separately, and the correct manufacturer data should be checked for each direction at the applicable setting and rating condition.\n<\/p>\n<h3>How does backpressure affect a tank vent capacity review?<\/h3>\n<p>\n  Backpressure is relevant when the outlet is piped away or connected to a header. Manufacturer application data may ask for maximum backpressure and distinguish pipe-away from vent-to-atmosphere service, so a bare end-of-line curve should not be reused for a modified discharge system without confirmation.\n<\/p>\n<h3>Does a nitrogen blanketing system eliminate the need for vacuum protection?<\/h3>\n<p>\n  No automatic credit should be assumed. A blanketing system may supply make-up gas, but the project must define whether its capacity and availability are credited in the vacuum-protection basis and what independent protection remains necessary.\n<\/p>\n<h3>Does normal outbreathing capacity cover an external-fire case?<\/h3>\n<p>\n  No. Normal transfer and thermal breathing should remain separate from an applicable emergency or fire-relief assessment. Emergency venting is a different engineering duty even when the hardware arrangement ultimately uses related tank openings or devices.\n<\/p>\n<h3>Which standards are relevant to tank inbreathing and outbreathing?<\/h3>\n<p>\n  API Standard 2000 is a principal industry standard for venting atmospheric and low-pressure storage tanks; API lists Edition 8 in 2026. ISO currently lists ISO 28300:2008 as its published international standard while a replacement is under development. U.S. flammable-liquid installations may also be subject to OSHA 29 CFR 1910.106. The project should confirm the edition and jurisdiction actually adopted before using specific sizing tables, factors or formulas.\n<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/article>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\n    \"@context\": \"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\n    \"@type\": \"BlogPosting\",\n    \"headline\": \"Inbreathing vs Outbreathing Capacity for Tank Vents\",\n    \"description\": \"Compare inbreathing and outbreathing capacity for tank vents, what drives each duty, and what to verify in supplier data before reviewing a candidate.\",\n    \"url\": \"https:\\\/\\\/zobai.com\\\/blog\\\/inbreathing-vs-outbreathing-capacity-for-tank-vents\\\/\",\n    \"mainEntityOfPage\": {\n        \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n        \"@id\": \"https:\\\/\\\/zobai.com\\\/blog\\\/inbreathing-vs-outbreathing-capacity-for-tank-vents\\\/\"\n    },\n    \"publisher\": {\n        \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n        \"name\": \"ZOBAI\"\n    }\n}<\/script><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":56944,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sizing-performance-engineering"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=56928"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56928\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56944"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=56928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=56928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=56928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}