{"id":56921,"date":"2026-09-23T23:43:19","date_gmt":"2026-09-23T23:43:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/?p=56921"},"modified":"2026-10-27T04:23:11","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T04:23:11","slug":"refrigeration-relief-valve-discharge-piping-and-header-design","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/blog\/refrigeration-relief-valve-discharge-piping-and-header-design\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639"},"content":{"rendered":"<style> .zobai-tech-article { max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: anywhere; } .zobai-tech-article .zobai-table-scroll { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; } .zobai-tech-article .zobai-table-scroll table { width: 100%; min-width: 720px; border-collapse: collapse; } .zobai-tech-article .zobai-table-scroll th, .zobai-tech-article .zobai-table-scroll td { padding: 0.75rem; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; } .zobai-tech-article pre { max-width: 100%; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: anywhere; } .zobai-tech-article a { overflow-wrap: anywhere; } <\/style>\n<article class=\"zobai-tech-article\">\n<p>\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u064f\u0631\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0636\u063a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: <strong>\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u2192 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u2192 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u2192 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u2192 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639. \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a <strong>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628<\/strong>, \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644.<\/p>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644:<\/strong> \u0643\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644:<\/strong> \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0631\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0637 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\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/blog\/safety-valve-sizing-and-certified-relieving-capacity-guide\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/a> \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 (PRD)<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629. <strong>\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u062e\u0637\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0644\u064e\u0651\u063a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0640 ZOBAI.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0637 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<div class=\"zobai-table-scroll\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644.<\/td>\n<td>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642.<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628.<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633.<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0645.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629. <strong>\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/strong> \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647. <strong>\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/strong> \u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 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\u0645\u0646 Baker Hughes \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629. <a href=\"https:\/\/dam.bakerhughes.com\/asset\/96f7aa34-9ee2-4526-9e44-800989b23ae0\/Consolidated-2700-SV-Manual-English.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 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\u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0636\u063a\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629. <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628<\/strong> \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a Baker Hughes \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629. <a href=\"https:\/\/dam.bakerhughes.com\/m\/48a8b71d60414af9\/original\/Consolidated-2900-3900-BT-Design-White-Paper-English.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627 <strong>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/strong> \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/engineering\/back-pressure-and-bellows\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062e<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASHRAE Standard 15 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633. \u0623\u0645\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ashrae.org\/file%20library\/technical%20resources\/standards%20and%20guidelines\/standards%20addenda\/15_2024_o_20250930.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">ASHRAE 15-2024 Addendum o<\/a> \u0641\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627. \u0641\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ashrae.org\/technical-resources\/standards-and-guidelines\/titles-purposes-and-scopes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">ASHRAE Standard 15 scope<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 R-717\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 IIAR \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 ASHRAE 15 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a:<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064d. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0636\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0644\u064e\u0651\u063a 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0631\u0639 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\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644 <strong>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/strong> \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3>2. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/etools\/ammonia-refrigeration\/additional-references\/iiar-handbook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 IIAR \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 OSHA \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/a> \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629:<\/p>\n<pre aria-label=\"\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a\">\n\nPRV-A \u2500\u2500 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 A \u2500\u2510\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 1 \u2500\u2510\nPRV-B \u2500\u2500 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 B \u2500\u2518 \u251c\u2500\u2500 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 2 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629\n\u2502\nPRV-C \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 C \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 A \u0648B \u0646\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 1 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0644 C \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full zobai-figure\" data-image-slot=\"IMG-01\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-01.webp\" alt=\"\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.\" title=\"\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 - IMG-01\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" class=\"wp-image-56959\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-01.webp 1200w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-01-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-01-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-01-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-01-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-01-400x300.webp 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>4. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u060c \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u061b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0643\u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>5. \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/web.iiar.org\/membersonly\/pdf\/tc\/t430.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0641\u0642 IIAR<\/a> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a PRV \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a T\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 P&amp;ID \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0623\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3>6. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>7. \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u2192 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u2192 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 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\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a. \u0641\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 Danfoss\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/designcenter.danfoss.com\/products\/climate-solutions-for-cooling\/valves\/safety-relief-valves\/safety-relief-valves\/sfa-10---sfa-10h---sfa-15---sfa-15-50\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">SFA \u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/a> \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/designcenter.danfoss.com\/en-no\/products\/climate-solutions-for-cooling\/valves\/safety-relief-valves\/safety-relief-valves\/bsv-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">BSV 8<\/a> \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f. \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a ZOBAI.<\/p>\n<div class=\"zobai-table-scroll\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 <strong>\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/strong>. \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642:<\/strong> \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u2192 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u2192 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0623\u0628\u0642\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0644 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0644\u064e\u0651\u063a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0640 ZOBAI.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/blog\/what-is-a-back-pressure-balanced-safety-valve\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0642 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629: <strong>\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/strong>, <strong>\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642<\/strong>, \u060c \u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ashrae.org\/technical-resources\/standards-and-guidelines\/titles-purposes-and-scopes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">ASHRAE Standard 15 scope<\/a> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 R-717\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 IIAR \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 ZOBAI <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/standards\/iiar-ammonia-refrigeration-standards\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 IIAR \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iiar.org\/common\/Uploaded%20files\/iiar_docs\/iiar%20standards\/interpretations\/Interpretation%202025-1%20%28IIAR%202%29%20Internally%20relieved%20safety%20relief%20piping.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 IIAR \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2025 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a<\/a> \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 IIAR 2-2021 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0631. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/79326.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">ISO 24664:2024<\/a> \u0630\u0648 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ASHRAE 15 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u064a R-717. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 IIAR \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u064f\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u061b \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f IIAR <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iiar.org\/common\/Uploaded%20files\/iiar_docs\/iiar%20publications\/Catalogs\/2025_26\/IIAR_Publications_Catalog_2025_26.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">IIAR 2 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0648 IIAR 4 \u0643\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/a>, \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a API 520 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a ASME \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0641 API \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.api.org\/products-and-services\/standards\/important-standards-announcements\/520part-ii\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">API 520 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a> \u0643\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.osha.gov\/laws-regs\/regulations\/standardnumber\/1910\/1910.111\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">OSHA 29 CFR 1910.111<\/a> \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627: <strong>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642\u0647\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 P&amp;ID \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u064f\u0628\u0644\u064e\u0651\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emerson.com\/is\/content\/emerson\/en\/final-control\/pressure-management\/documents\/data-sheets-safety-relief-valves-technical-data-birkett-en.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/a> \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0640 ZOBAI \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full zobai-figure\" data-image-slot=\"IMG-02\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-02.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.\" title=\"\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 - IMG-02\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" class=\"wp-image-56960\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-02.webp 1200w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-02-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-02-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-02-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-02-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/refrigeration-relief-header-img-02-400x300.webp 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 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\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 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