{"id":56797,"date":"2026-09-11T08:27:01","date_gmt":"2026-09-11T08:27:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/?p=56797"},"modified":"2026-10-27T04:21:37","modified_gmt":"2026-10-27T04:21:37","slug":"replacement-safety-valve-equivalence-why-model-size-and-set-pressure-are-not-enough","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/blog\/replacement-safety-valve-equivalence-why-model-size-and-set-pressure-are-not-enough\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n.zobai-article { max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }\n.zobai-article .zobai-table-scroll { width: 100%; overflow-x: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; margin: 1.25rem 0; }\n.zobai-article .zobai-table-scroll table { width: 100%; min-width: 680px; border-collapse: collapse; }\n.zobai-article .zobai-table-scroll th,\n.zobai-article .zobai-table-scroll td { padding: 0.75rem; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid currentColor; }\n.zobai-article .zobai-note { margin: 1.25rem 0; padding: 1rem 1.125rem; border-left: 3px solid currentColor; }\n.zobai-article .zobai-cta { margin-top: 2rem; padding: 1.25rem; border: 1px solid currentColor; }\n.zobai-article .zobai-scenario { margin: 1.25rem 0; padding: 1rem 1.125rem; border: 1px solid currentColor; }\n.zobai-article .zobai-source-note { margin: 1rem 0; font-size: 0.95em; }\n.zobai-article .zobai-faq { margin-top: 2rem; }\n@media (max-width: 767px) {\n  .zobai-article .zobai-table-scroll th,\n  .zobai-article .zobai-table-scroll td { padding: 0.625rem; }\n}\n<\/style>\n<article class=\"zobai-article\">\n<p>\u0644\u0627 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<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u064f\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 ASME \u0623\u0648 API \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 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\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d 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\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.api.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/2025-catalog\/06_refining_2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">API 526<\/a> \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\/\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a National Board \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 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\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628\u061f<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 <strong>\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/strong>, \u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c NB-18 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0640 National Board \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalboard.org\/SiteDocuments\/NB18\/Foreward.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 NB-18<\/a> \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a 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\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/blog\/certified-relieving-capacity-vs-connection-size\/\">\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u061f<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637<\/h2>\n<p>\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a ASME Section XIII \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u061b \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 NB-18 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u064b\u0627: <strong>\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 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\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalboard.org\/PrintPage.aspx?ID=379&amp;pageID=164\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a National Board \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/a> \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0636\u063a\u0637-\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0623\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.api.org\/products-and-services\/standards\/important-standards-announcements\/standard521\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">API 521<\/a> \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\/\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.api.org\/products-and-services\/standards\/important-standards-announcements\/520parti\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">API 520 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644<\/a> \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<div class=\"zobai-scenario\">\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u2014 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0639\u064f\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 <strong>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0639\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062e\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0628\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n<p>\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 API \u0648\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.api.org\/-\/media\/files\/publications\/2025-catalog\/06_refining_2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">API 527<\/a> \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 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\u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647: \u0641\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<div class=\"zobai-scenario\">\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u2014 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641:<\/strong> \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0651\u0642 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u201c\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 = \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u201d. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\/\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u0651\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062b\u0628\u062a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/blog\/safety-valve-material-selection-guide\/\">\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.api.org\/products-and-services\/standards\/important-standards-announcements\/520part-ii\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">API 520 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a> \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.api.org\/products-and-services\/standards\/important-standards-announcements\/standard521\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">API 521<\/a> \u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f. \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full zobai-figure\" data-image-slot=\"IMG-01\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/replacement-safety-valve-equivalence-img-01.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u0643\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629.\" title=\"\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 - IMG-01\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" class=\"wp-image-56844\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/replacement-safety-valve-equivalence-img-01.webp 1200w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/replacement-safety-valve-equivalence-img-01-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/replacement-safety-valve-equivalence-img-01-1024x768.webp 1024w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/replacement-safety-valve-equivalence-img-01-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/replacement-safety-valve-equivalence-img-01-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/zobai.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/replacement-safety-valve-equivalence-img-01-400x300.webp 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption>\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628 \u0643\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 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\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0630\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2192 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u2192 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u2192 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u060c 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\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u061f<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0644 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u061f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u201c\u0623\u064a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627\u201d. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"zobai-scenario\">\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u2014 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0631\u064f\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647. \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 <strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642<\/strong> \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/engineering\/back-pressure-and-bellows\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 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aria-label=\"\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0632\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 ASME\/National Board \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632\/\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u060c \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \/ \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \/ \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u064a <strong>\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/strong>, \u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u201c\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0644 XYZ\u201d \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u062a\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0639\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \/ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 ASME\/National Board \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u061b;<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644. NBIC \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 National Board\/\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0644\u064e\u0651\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646<\/strong>, \u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0628\u0642\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 <a href=\"https:\/\/zobai.com\/ar\/blog\/safety-valve-procurement-checklist\/\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<h2>\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626\u201d \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629: \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"zobai-note\">\n<strong>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642:<\/strong> PROCEED \u0648HOLD \u0648REJECT \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a ASME \u0623\u0648 API \u0623\u0648 National Board \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n<\/aside>\n<div class=\"zobai-table-scroll\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0632<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0631\u0641\u0636<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d.<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 <strong>\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642<\/strong> \u0648 <strong>\u0631\u0641\u0636<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0641\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626.<\/p>\n<p>\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629. \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628. \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u201c\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0644\u0640 ASME\u201d \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0650\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 (HOLD) \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>REJECT \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641. \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u2014 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\/\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\/\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 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